GCSE English Literature: An Inspector Calls

An Inspector Calls: Overview

An Inspector Calls is a play written by J.B. Priestley in 1945, which explores complex social and political themes through the lens of a single family's experience. The play is set in 1912, before the First World War, and serves as a critique of the social attitudes of the time, particularly regarding class and responsibility.

Social and Political Themes

The central theme of the play revolves around social responsibility. Priestley uses the character of Inspector Goole to challenge the Birling family's views on individualism and capitalism. The Inspector's questioning reveals how each family member has contributed to the downfall of a young woman named Eva Smith, highlighting the interconnectedness of society.

• Class Division: The play critiques the class system and the moral obligations of the wealthy towards the less fortunate.
• Gender Inequality: It also addresses the limited roles available to women in society, as seen through the character of Sheila Birling.
• Generational Conflict: The differing attitudes between the younger and older generations reflect changing social values.

Dramatic Techniques

Priestley employs various dramatic techniques to enhance the play's impact:

• Structure: The play is structured in a single act, creating a sense of immediacy and tension.
• Symbolism: The Inspector symbolizes social conscience, while the character of Arthur Birling represents capitalist ideology.
• Foreshadowing: The use of foreshadowing builds suspense and hints at the play's moral lessons.

Example Analysis

Question: How does Priestley use the character of Inspector Goole to convey his message about social responsibility?

Answer: Inspector Goole serves as the moral compass of the play, challenging the Birlings' complacency. His probing questions force the characters to confront their actions and the consequences they have on others. Through Goole, Priestley advocates for a more compassionate society where individuals recognize their duty to one another.

Conclusion

An Inspector Calls remains a powerful exploration of social issues that are still relevant today. Its themes of responsibility, class, and morality encourage audiences to reflect on their own roles within society.